美国各个大学的主色调是如何确定的？？

哈佛的深红色(crimson)是1910年由哈佛大学校董委员会投票选出的。但是为什么选择了深红色呢？1853级的查尔斯·W·艾略特(Charles W. Eliot)和1858级的本杰明·W·克宁薛 (Benjamin W. Crowninshiel)这两位划艇选手，在1858年的赛艇会中，为了能让观众能把哈佛的划艇队和其他队区别出来，给队友们都发了深红色的围巾。

但是在哈佛校投票选择之前，学生们心目中的校色曾经在深红色和品红(magenta)色之间摇摆不定， 这或许是因为在十八世纪后叶使用颜色来代表学校还没开始流行。 顺应民意，哈佛本科生们在1875年五月六日举行了全民表决，深红色以大比分胜出。而之前一直以《品红》为名的校报也在投票以后改名为《深红报》。
Harvar: History | Harvar UniversityWHY CRIMSON?*

Crimson was officially esignate as Harvar’s color by a vote of the Harvar Corporation in 1910. But why crimson? A pair of rowers, Charles W. Eliot, Class of 1853, an Benjamin W. Crowninshiel, Class of 1858, provie crimson scarves to their teammates so that spectators coul ifferentiate Harvar’s crew team from other teams uring a regatta in 1858.

But before the official vote by the Harvar Corporation, stuents’ color of choice ha at one point wavere between crimson an magenta – probably because the iea of using colors to represent universities was still new in the latter part of the 19th century. Pushe by popular ebate to ecie, Harvar unergrauates hel a plebiscite on May 6, 1875, on the University’s color, an crimson won by a wie margin. The stuent newspaper – which ha been calle The Magenta – change its name with the very next issue.

耶鲁蓝源自于这个学校悠远的校内划艇赛历史(又是赛艇_(:з」∠) (译者注：耶鲁本科是延续英国学制，即学生自第一年就分入十多个College中的一个，在College内学习和生活，也会组队与其他College比赛。如有误请知情人指出）。早自1843年，耶鲁划艇队的胜利船只都会展示一面蓝底白字的三角旗。
1894年，耶鲁校投票选择了蓝色作为官方颜色，同时决定了这个蓝色是牛津大学那种深蓝色。在实际运用上，因为印刷和网页显色差异的存在，所以是允许这个深蓝色在一定范围内有偏差。

Yale: Colors | Yale Ientity

Yale Blue has historic roots in the College rowing competitions. As early as 1843, the winning boat in crew intramurals isplaye a blue pennant with “Yale” lettere in white. In 1894 the Yale Corporation vote to aopt blue as the University’s official color, choosing a ark shae use as the official color of the University of Oxfor. In practice, some latitue is a must since the realities of print an Web prouction preclue absolute color consistency.

史记记载王子村第一次使用橙黑配是在一次与耶鲁对抗的棒球赛上。这个搭配是当时的大一新生乔治·华德提出的（华德你立了大功！）。华德同学说他之所以选择橙色，是因为王子村的第一栋建筑是以那骚家族(The House of Nassau)的威廉三世命名的，而威廉三世又名橙色王子（或橙子王子）。1869级的棒球社社员们则带着有橙纹黑字的徽章使原本落后的棒球队后来在第九局以两个得点赢了比赛。

Princeton: Princeton University

The first recore use of orange an black as the University's colors came at a baseball game at Yale on June 26, 1867, following a suggestion by freshman George War. He propose that orange be use for the school's colors since William III of the House of Nassau, in whose honor the University's first builing ha been name, also carrie the title the Prince of Orange. Members of the Class of 1869 Base Ball Club wore bages of orange ribbon with black lettering. The team came from behin with two runs in the ninth inning to win the game.

哥大的校色就叫哥大蓝，配色是蓝白。两个颜色都来自当年学生活动核心的文学与辩论社，蓝色来自爱辩者社团(Philolexian Society)，白色来自Peithologian Society(相当于低年级的爱辩者社团)。
蓝白配的历史最晚追溯到1852(比哈耶还早诶)，那时的两个上面提到的社团把原本各自双色的社色(爱辩社的蓝银和Peitho的白金)简化到了每社单色。
据约翰·霍华德·凡·爱门灵哲，当年的哥大学院院长说，学校第一次大规模使用蓝白配色是在1873年斯普利菲尔德的划艇赛(“at the boat race in Springfiel”)，到了十九世纪这个配色就被广泛接受了。
爱辩社至今认定哥大的颜色是从他们那剽窃过去的。1986年一位社员还给校长写了一封信索要一百万美元的赔偿。

Columbia:School colors

Columbia's official School Colors are "Columbia Blue" an white. Both colors were originally rawn from the two literary societies that were at the heart of stuent life in the 19th century: blue from the Philolexian Society, an white from the Peithologian Society.

The history of the Blue an White ates back to at least 1852, when the Philolexian an Peithologian Societies each reuce their palette of society colors from two apiece (Blue an Silver for Philo, White an Gol for Peitho) to one apiece. While the colors entere into general usage by stuents uring the 19th century, they first came into prominent use by the school in 1873 "at the boat race in Springfiel" accoring to Dean John Howar Van Amringe.

The Philolexian Society maintains to this ay, in mock inignation, the position that the school colors are in fact stolen. In 1986, one member of the society wrote a letter to the Presient of the University emaning $1 million in restitution.

达特茅斯的“大绿色”追溯到1860年左右，1866年根据学生评选的达茅绿成为官方颜色。常见绿白配。

Dartmouth:Dartmouth College

The nickname "The Big Green," originating in the 1860s, is base on stuents' aoption of a shae of forest green ("Dartmouth Green") as the school's official color in 1866.

UPenn:History of Penn Colors, University of Pennsylvania University Archives

When were the Re an Blue first use as Penn's colors?

宾大是什么时候开始使用红蓝作为校色的呢？

在1983年十一月二十三日的《宾州日报》上，宾大的档案保管员弗兰西斯·詹姆斯·达勒说：“最早记载的宾大颜色是在1871级College Hall的基石上刻的字母。我无法在任何文件或文物上找到这些颜色所使用是与宾大有任何联系的。当然，这两个颜色的确与美国国旗交相辉映。为自己的学校选择校色是十九世纪的流行现象，这或许与浪漫主义时期（1800-1850）苏格兰氏族为自己选择条格纹的趋势有联系。十八世纪的美国学术机构基本上没有校色。”

Francis James Dallett, then the University Archivist, answere this question in the Daily Pennsylvanian of 23 November 1983:

"The earliest known representation of the combine Penn colors, re an blue, is as reporte: on the incise letters of the li of the 1871 College Hall cornerstone. I am unable to trace the use of either color as having any prior use on any ocument or artifact which woul inicate any special significance to the institution; of course, the two colors o reflect the colors of the national flag. The whole business of assigne institutional colors is a 19th century phenomenon, perhaps with roots in the Romantic Age in the commercial vein of the 'assigne' tartans of the Scottish clans who ha no efine plais earlier. Eighteenth century American acaemic institutions simply i not have colors."

Brown:Encyclopeia Brunoniana

From Martha Mitchell’s Encyclopeia Brunoniana:

College color 布朗大学的校色是显而易见的棕色，但这个颜色直到1866年，校报《牛皮纸》（直译《棕色报纸》）登出了一篇关于校色的报道后，才被广泛接受。“广泛的一件是我们应该选择棕色…没有什么会比棕色更能代表布朗的学生…它象征着困苦、勇气、庄重，还有如果你认同的话，胜利。”棕色作为运动服的颜色已经年了，比之前的运动服颜色更“庄重”，之前的划船队服是“灰色格子裤配三文鱼色丝质衬衫配蓝色颅顶帽（？）。记录里并没有学校背书学生选择棕色作为校色的记录。1925年，布朗大学选送了一批棕色材料到美国纺织色卡协会来确定某种颜色（后来证明为烟草色），当时的校色由协会记录下来，但是错误地记成了棕色和白色。1947年有人提议加入金色来提亮篮球队的校服，这个提议收到了来自《校友周刊》四封批准和抗议的信。1952年12月，布朗大学毕业帽子黑地棕边的颜色因为太乏味ying'qi'l

The College Color, brown, the obvious choice as it woul appear toay, was not aopte until after 1866, when the Brown Paper reporte on the question of choosing a college color, “the general opinion seems to be that brown shoul be aopte … Nothing coul be more appropriate for Brown-bre boys … It is the very mark of harihoo, of pluck, of soberness – if you will – but of victory.” The color brown, of course, has ominate the athletic uniforms for years, an inee might be consiere more “sober” than the first known uniform of a Brown team, that of the crew in 1859, which was escribe as “gray check pants; salmon silk shirts; blue skull caps.” There is no recor that the Corporation enorse the stuents’ choice of brown. In 1925 the University submitte a swatch of brown material to the Textile Color Car Association of the Unite States, Inc. to ascertain its exact shae (which prove to be Tobacco), an at that time the University colors were recore by the Association, apparently mistakenly, as brown an white. In 1947 the brightening up of the football uniforms by the aition of gol brought forth letters of both approval an isapproval to the Alumni Monthly. In December 1952, after the subject of the rabness of the Brown acaemic hoos, black line with brown, came to attention, Presient Wriston appointe Vice-Presient Bruce Bigelow a “Committee of one to pick official colors for Brown University an to put it over.” A year later a University Color Stuy Committee was appointe. On the recommenation of this committee, on April 9, 1954, the Avisory an Executive Committee of the Corporation vote, “That the University aopt as the stanar colors for the lining of all its acaemic hoos, seal brown with a single chevron of carinal re similar to the re in the cross of the University coat-of arms.” Although the vote appears to relate only to the colors of the hoos, in communicating this vote to the Textile Color Car Association, Bigelow wrote, “it is likely that these colors will be consiere the ‘official colors’ of the University.” In 1967, the colors, official or not, were note for the first time in the football meia guie as “seal brown an carinal.” They are now recore in the athletic guies as “seal brown, carinal re, an white.”